The History Of the International Olympic Commitee

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The History, Present, and Future of the International Olympic Committee

Kyle Beyer

Mr. Gayan

Sophomore CompositionCustom writing service can write essays on The History Of the International Olympic Commitee

April 15, 00

The Olympics have been a highly regarded pastime for many thousands of people. What many people do not know about though, is what goes on behind the scenes at an Olympic game. I will talk about the history, present, and future of the governing body of the Olympics, the International Olympic Committee, the IOC.

To understand how the IOC works, we must first take a look back at what started it all, the history of the ancient Olympics. The first Ancient Olympics originated in Athens, Greece (Henry 1). Back then, the idea of the Olympics was for Rome to confirm itself as the greatest nation (Henry 1). Over the years, as rulers and nations changed, the idea of the Olympics held with them (Henry 1).

As the nations changed, so did the events, and the events run today are quite different that what was run in the Ancient Olympics (Henry 14). Today in our modern Olympics, you see a vast array of events, with many of them being team oriented (Henry 14). Running Relays, Basketball team, and boating teams are just some of the examples (Henry 14). But in the ancient Olympics, no team events were found, all events were focused on the individual (Henry 14). Some of the event in the ancient Olympics included chariot races, long distance running, and contests of strength (Henry 14). The contests of strength included stone throw, similar to our shot-put throws, gladiator and similar one-on-one battles (Henry 14).

For such brutal events, one would expect grand prizes, but it was not so. Prizes back then included olive wreaths and their name written on a stone (Henry 14). They did not believe in

elaborate gifts for the winners, as they were there to honor there country (Henry 14). When you received your name in stone, that was a big accomplishment, for they were now immortalized in stone (Henry 14).

Compared to the history of the ancient Olympics, the modern Olympics is shorter, but just as interesting, this is also where the IOC came into play. In 1870, a man named Baron Pierre de Coubertine thought of rebirthing the Olympics, as he had read of them in scholars books (Henry 10). He was a scholarly man, and liked the idea of the Olympics; he felt it would bring the world into a new era (Henry 10). He did not expect world peace to come out of this, but it would enlighten many as to the way of ancient civilizations (Henry 10). The Baron was very interested in the individual goal, as the ancient Olympics were (Henry 10). He felt that was it was the individual who could change the world, not the team (Henry 10). Because of those thoughts, many characteristics of the Olympics are the way they are (Henry 10).

So Pierre decide to rebirth the Olympics, but thought that it would need a governing body to enforce, create, and modify the rules (Henry 11). He picked members from eleven different countries, based on the ideas he held of what the Olympics should be like (Henry 11). Of the eleven members, half were friends of Pierres, showing that he had complete control over the first few Olympics (Henry 11).

With the birth of the Olympics, came the birth of the International Olympic Committee, or the IOC. Since the start of the modern Olympics, the IOC has made several changes and important decisions regarding the Olympics (Orr 18). The IOC was set up as a normal

government, with different councils reporting on different topics (Orr 18). But for every government, there has to be a president (Orr 18). The president of the IOC was the man with the final say on everything (Orr 18). It is a very prestigious title, for in the IOCs 110-year history, there have only been eight presidents (Leonard para 1). To many people being even nominated for such a title is a huge honor (Leonard para 1). Out of the IOCs eight presidents, the country of Belgium has held two of them (Leonard para 1). The first was a Belgian doctor who served from 15 until 14 (Leonard para 1). The second is the newest president, Mr. Jack Roggue (Leonard para 1). These facts show just how important Belgium has been in the Olympic games (Leonard para 1).

As you figured, each of the past president served anywhere from a ten to twenty-year term (Leonard para ). The last president to hold office held it for twenty-three years (Leonard para ). The IOC felt this was too long of a term and has decided now to shorten the terms allowed for presidents (Leonard para ). These new rules will come to effect with the new president, Mr. Jack Roggue (Leonard para ). Jack is an orthopedic surgeon from Belgium (Leonard para 4). He has been a surgeon for 0 years, and owns his own practice (Leonard para 4). He has been a part of the IOC for eleven years, and has a long Olympic history (Leonard para 4). Jack was part of the Belgium Rugby team for five years, and participated in two Olympic games (Leonard para 4). He has also participated in two yachting contests for the Olympics (Leonard para 4).

Jacks road to the presidency is quite the underdog tale. He started as head committee member for anti-doping policies in 15 (Leonard para 4). He then was the head coordinator for the 000 Sydney Olympics (Leonard para 4). They were considered one of the most successful

Olympics ever, both in viewing, and in logistics (Leonard para 4). Much of this credit was due to Jacks superb timing and organization (Leonard para 4).

Because of his many great accomplishments, when nominations came up in 001 for a new IOC president, he was one of the three nominated (Leonard para 4). The other two nominated were the favorites to win, but Jack won for a few reasons (Leonard para 4). One was that both of the other men represent countries with less that clean human rights records (Leonard para 4). The other was that they were both indicted on federal charges (Leonard para 4). Kim Un-Yong, from South Korea, was inditited on a few international laws, and prosecuted (Leonard para 4). He had been a part of the IOC for 0 years, and had been an integral part of it. Dick Pound, from Canada, was the other candidate (Leonard para 4). He was investigated on charges of bribing some high official to help him win the IOC presidency (Leonard para 4). For all of these reasons, when the votes came in, it was a sure win for Jack Rouge.

Jack Roggue is now the president of the IOC, and he has many responsibilities, all of these deal with current events in the Olympics. The most recent Olympics was held in Salt lake City, Utah (Starr para ). There were many aspects of the Utah Olympics that were different that previous. One of those things was safety. The Olympics in Utah were considered by many to be the safest Olympics ever (Starr para ). Much more security was added it due to the attacks on September 11 (Starr para ). But while Utah was known for its safety, it was also know for the scandals preceding it. While the nomination process for the Olympics in 00 were still being decide, Salt Lake City was allegedly trying to bribe IOC members (Lacayo para 4). When the IOC brought Salt Lake up on these charges, the previous president was extremely lenient on the people being accused (Lacayo para 4). The subject was dropped, and Salt Lake ended up winning the slot for the 00 Olympics (Lacayo para 4).

Another problem that the IOC had to face for the 00 Olympics was the popular skating scandal. In the figure skating partners competition, two couples were very closely matched, it came down to a vote, and the Russian team won (Lacayo para ). There was a lot of controversy, and the other couple team complained to the IOC (Lacayo para ). The IOC met with the judges, and found that one of the judges felt she was pressured to vote one way (Lacayo para ). This brought the IOC to the conclusion that a second gold must be issued to the other team (Lacayo para ). Many people were not happy about the decision, and it was another black mark in Salt Lakes already tainted Olympic experience (Lacayo para ).

To make sure that experiences that have happened at Utah and other places in the past dont repeat, the IOC is constantly keeping one eye on the future events in the Olympics. One of the future problems is that in 8-1 years Mr. Roggues term will be done and another president will be selected (Brussels para 5). The IOC has already agreed that terms will be shorter, as in Jacks case. Jack will be serving an eight year term with the possibility of a four year extension (Brussels para 5). When Jacks term is over with, the new president will have to deal with many new changes planned already (Knapp para 1). Terms, as mentioned earlier, will become even shorter. The norm they expect will be five to eight years maximum (Knapp para 1).

One item that is on Mr. Roggues mind is that in 008, he must have another Olympic site selected. So far, Athens, Greece holds the spot for the 008 Olympics (Leonard para 16). But one problem is that the IOC feels that Athens is falling behind their schedule (Leonard para 16). They are already a year behind where they should be (Leonard para 16). If the city falls too far behind, the IOC will have to vote on whether to keep it there or not (Leonard para 16). If the site changes, they will take the next nominated site and begin work (Leonard para 16)

While selecting a site is important, the IOC realized that is must also learn from the mistakes made in Salt Lake, and change rules regarding judging and election of IOC members and judges. Future judges will have to have been internationally recognized for at least two years (Leonard para 6). This will help with judges that are not mature or experienced enough to handle the pressure that comes with the Olympics (Leonard para 6). The judges will receive many background checks, and also take drugs tests from time to time (Leonard para 6). This keeps the judging circuit clean and also makes sure that no judges with criminal backgrounds will be allowed to participate (Leonard para 6).

With the ever increasing technology that our society has, the IOC has plans for new drug testing policies, making use of the technology. It is the IOCs hope that by 010, they will be able to drug test everybody, everyday (Knapp para 10). This would benefit many people, first off the athletes, for they will not be able to use performance-enhancing drugs (Knapp para 10). It will also send a signal to viewers everywhere that the IOC stands for what it believes in (Knapp para 10). The only problem that the IOC sees with this is that a general trend that happens is, the more technological, the more expensive (Knapp para 10). So the IOC is hoping that it will be cheap enough to implement and not cause budget problems for the Olympics (Knapp para 10).

With a better understanding of where and why the Olympics started, I hope you realize how important the job of the IOC is in everyday situations and in future events. The Olympics has had a rich past, present, and with the looks of things, it will have a bright future.

Works Cited

Finely, Moses. "History" The Olympic Games The First Thousand Years. New York Viking 176 0-57pp

Henry, William Mellors. "History of Ancient Olympics" An Approved History of the Olympic Games. New York Putnam, 176. pp -17

Knapp, Clare. "Belgian Surgeon". Lancet vol. 58 Issue 81 1-6pp

Lacayo, Richard. "A sport on Thin Ice". Time Canada vol. 15 Issue 8 16pp

Leonard, Dick. "New IOC president" Europe Issue 411 41-4pp

Paul, Robert C. "Ancient Olympics" The Olympic Games, From Ancient Greece to Mexico City. New York Thelion Press, 168

Starr, Mark "A New Lord of the Rings" Newsweek. Volume 18 issue , 47-48pp

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The similarity of themes that are presented such as tragic hero, death, love of ones family, down role of women, revenge means of importance and internal conflicts are presented to the reader by main charters in novels that have been read in this course are Mrs. Ramsay in To the Lighthouse by Virginia Wolf, Hamlet in Hamlet by William Shakespeare and William Lowman in Death of a Salesman by Arthur Miller. This is shown through the actions and words that each character presents.

Hamlet is a tragic hero, his father dies and his mother betrays him. He is drawn to answer difficult questions, which cannot be answered with any certainty for a ghost has told him so. Faced with evidence that his uncle murdered his father, Hamlet becomes obsessed with proving his uncles guilt before trying to act, being the resonance man that he is. He is equally in thought with questions about the afterlife, about the wisdom of suicide to be or not to be that is the question. He is extremely disappointed with his mother for marrying his uncle so quickly thy married within moths of my fathers death, and his denial of Ophelia, a woman he once claimed to love. His words often indicate his disgust with of women in general. Hamlet feels that it is important that he avenges the death of his father; it is the only way that he will feel importance in his life again.

Willy Lowman is a tragic hero he works and does not achieve the self-realization or self-knowledge of himself and of is family. The resolution that his suicide offers him represents only a partial discovery of the truth. Willy fails to realize his personal failure and betrayal of his family through the artificial facts of his life. The jungle is dark, but full of diamonds turns Willys suicide into a metaphorical moral struggle. He cannot grasp the true personal, emotional, spiritual understanding of himself as a literal loman or low man. Willy is too driven by his own willy-ness or perverse wilfulness to recognize the reality that he is nothing in the new world. Willys failure to recognize the tormented love (tolerance) offered to him by his family is crucial. Despite this failure, Willy makes the most extreme sacrifice in his attempt to leave an inheritance that will allow Biff to fulfill the American Dream. His final act, according to Ben, is not like an appointment at all but like a diamond … rough and hard to the touch. In the absence of any real degree of self-knowledge or truth, Willy is able to achieve a tangible result. In some respect, he finally comes to understand that the product he sells is himself. Through the imaginary advice of Ben, Willy ends up fully believing his earlier assertion to Charley that after all the highways, and the trains, and the appointments, and the years, you end up worth more dead than alive. Willy concludes his presence on the novel by committing suside, thinking that all will be well for the inheritance that his family will receive.Order College Papers on isu to the lighthouse

Mrs. Ramsay as a woman of great kindness and tolerance but also a protector. Indeed, her primary goal is to keep her youngest son Jamess sense of hope and wonder surrounding the lighthouse. Though she realizes that Mr. Ramsay is correct in declaring that foul weather will ruin the next days voyage, she persists in assuring James that the trip is a possibility. She tolerates the insufferable behavior of Charles Tansley, whose bitter attitude and awkward manners threaten to undo the delicate work she has done toward making a pleasant and inviting home. She is able to masterfully satisfy her husbands desire for her to tell him she loves him without saying the words she finds so difficult to say.

Could loving, as people called it, make her and Mrs. Ramsay one? For it was not knowledge but unity that she desired, not inscriptions on tablets, nothing that could be written in any language known to men, but intimacy itself, which is knowledge, she had thought, leaning her head on Mrs. Ramsays knee.

She only tells him what he would like to hear. This scene displays Mrs. Ramsays ability to bring together disparate things into a whole. In a world marked by the ravages of time and war, in which everything must and will fall apart including the death of her son. Lily and other characters find themselves grasping for this unity after Mrs. Ramsays death.

As it is evident that most all the novel carry similar themes corresponding to each other, The themes of a tragic hero, death, love of ones family, down role of women, revenge means of importance and internal conflicts are presented by the main characters in each book. To compare the novels To the Lighthouse by Virginia Wolf, Hamlet by William Shakespeare and Death of a Salesman by Arthur Miller it is evident that all have life experience of the same "themes" in life. Each deal with in the words of their novels.

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Our Enviroment

After reading the requires material for the week regarding the natural resource of water and watching Dr. Bob Beschtas lecture I was amazed at what I had learned. I have come to realize that I personally have an impact on the water supply and habitat of the Columbia Basin. It is clear that my actions can be linked to the destruction of natural habitats and the destruction of naturally occurring water supplies. I have chosen to analyze this weeks topic with regards to my food consumption. I found several links between my dietary habits and the destruction of natural environments. First I found that Dams have been built thought the Columbic Basin as they have thought the United States. The purpose of these dams it to extrapolate hydrogen power and provide irrigation. "Today irrigation takes 10% of the Columbias flow." (Week 5 lecture) Ten percent may seem like a small amount but in reality it is a massive amount of water. Many of the foods I eat must be grown and thus require irrigation. This ten percent draw of flow along with dams themselves has created a major problem for the native salmon of the river. Their problem can be seen be the reduction in Salmon harvest over the past hundred years. The amount of salmon harvested has declined from 0,000,000 pounds a year to only ,500,000 pounds a year. That is a drastic decline, so what does the next hundred years hold for the salmon if we continue on at the rate we currently sustain? Speaking of salmon harvesting, salmon is my absolute favorite fish to eat as I am sure it is far countless others. So what does that mean? We have tried to compensate for the loss in fish harvest be building hatcheries along the Columbia. The final result has been devastating effects to the native fish runs of the river. And finally probably most devastating to the natural habitat of this water supply is grazing of animals along the rivers banks. How does this relate to me? I eat beef plentifully thats haw. Over time the grazing or over grazing in the area "removes riparian vegetation, causes erosion, and results in incised cannels." (Week 5 lecture) What is wrong with incised canals? Many things the water is not as nutrient rich as it would be with riparian-forested banks. The water temperature increases in wider areas making spawning more difficult for the salmon. "Riparian forests introduce large woody debris to streams, providing cover, rearing habitat, food, and routing systems." (Week 5 lecture) So to conclude nearly all the aspects of my eating habits reflect the destruction of the Columbia Basin. Be it the riparian forests that protect both fish and the locally grown produce I eat which requires irrigation. Or the salmon I enjoy so much, which is slowly being depleted from the river completely. And finally the beef that I enjoy so plentifully which is destroying river.

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