NAtive Americans

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Study Guide

Vocabulary

Cheap University Papers on NAtive Americans

Glaciers thick sheets of ice

Artifacts- objects made by humans

Archaeology- study of evidence left by early people

Adobe- sun dried bricks

Pueblos- houses that could shelter hundreds of families, villages

Drought- long dry spell

Culture area- a region in which people share a similar way of life.

Igloos houses of snow and ice

Kayaks small skin boats

Potlatch ceremonial dinner

Kiva underground chamber where men had religious ceremonies

Hogans houses made of mud plaster over a framework of

Wooden poles.

Tepees cone shaped tents

Travois sleds

Long houses Houses shared by several Iroqouis families

Sachems tribal chiefs were called

Civilization advanced culture

Hieroglyphics writing that uses pictures to represent words and

Ideas.

Section 1

-In the far north a land bridge now known as Beringia, joined Siberia in northeastern Asia to Alaska in North America.

-Native Americans are descendants of the first people to reach the Americas thousands of years ago.

-From artifacts and other evidence, archaeologists form theories about the culture of ancient people.

oIncludes behavior, customs , ideas, and beliefs

-Mound Builders lived about ,000 years ago till the 1700s

oAmong them were the Hopewell and Mississippians

oThe first mounds were burial grounds, probably for important leaders.

oSometime between the 700 and 1500 , the Mississippians built a large city at Cahokia , in present day Illinois.

-The Hohokams lived in present day southern Arizona.

-Anasazi means ancient ones.

- Farmed desert by using irrigation

- Built large, multi storied houses walls made of adobe.

Houses that could fit hundreds of families called

Pueblos.

Section

-with in each culture area there were many tribes. A tribe was a group of villages or settlements that shared common customs, languages, and rituals

Peoples of the North

oArctic and Sub arctic , In both reagions adapted to harsh climates

-Arctic frozen seas and icy.

oInuits were the people that lived there

oIn winter, they built igloos.

oIn spring they paddled there Kayaks

-Subarctic faced severe environment

oMoved from place to place, hunting moose and caribou fish

Peoples of the West

-Great Basin Lies in the dry intermountain region of the United States

oPeople that lived there were the Utes and Shoshones

oThey hunted rabbits

oWhen they camped the built shelters out of willow poles and reeds.

-Plateau Lived between the Rocky Mountains to the east and

The cascades to the west.

oHunted and gathered nuts, roots, and berries.

-California Coastal people fished in the Oceans and rivers

oHunted deer, rabbits, and elk, or collected berries and nuts.

Peoples of the Southwest

-Southwest Built adobe houses and farmed

oPeople that lived their were the Hepi and Zuni

oMost houses had a kiva

oIn 1500 Apache and Navajo arrive in Southwest.

People of the Great Plains

-Great plains They built their sod homes or tepees

oPeople that lived their Black foot and Sioux

oFarmers hunted on foot

Peoples of the Southeast

-Southeast had warm climate, and fertile soil

oPeople that lived there Natchez and Cherokee

oMost people lived in villages and farmed homes made out of wood.

Peoples of the Eastern Woodland

-Eastern woodlands Hunters and farmers.

oPeople that lived there Shawhee and Iroquois.

oIroquois build long houses.

o5 nations make up the league of the Iroquis

Mohawk

Senac

Onandaga

Oieda

Kaygoo

LocationPeopleLifestyle

Great BasinUtes and ShoshonesHunted rabbits

South westHepi and ZuniHunting

Great PlainsBlack foot , SiouxHunted and build sod homes and tepees

South eastNatchez , CherokeeHunting, fishing, farming

Eastern woodlandsIroquoisHunting , farming

ArcticInuitHunting , fishing

Northwest coastKwakiutlsFishing

Section

The Mayas Live in southern Mexico and Guatemala.

-Farming techniques

oCut down trees and drained swamps.

oGrew corn

-Large cities

oTikal and Copan

-Mayan Empire

oEach had its own ruler and traded with each other

-The top of societys

oWere the priests

-Achievements

oGood in astronomy

oMath

oCalendar

oHieroglyphics

The Aztec- Lived in Central Mexico because of the legend built capital

City.

-Capital City

oTenochititlas on an island in lake Texaccoco

-Connected to the main land

oBy causeways

-Farming techniques

oFloating gardens

-Religion

o18 month calendar, sun god central to Aztec life.

oSacrificed 10,000 POWS to god each year

The Incas Lived along the western coast of South America.

-Capital city

oCuzco

-Farming techniques

oTerrace farming on mountain side

-Road networks

oComplex

oConnected all parts of the empire

-Achievements

oMedicines

oQuinine treats malaria

oBrain surgery

oAspirin

-Religion

oTemples lined with gold

Section 4

Vikings came from Scandinavia

- Settled around the year 1000 in present day new found land

- Encounter carribean

- In 14 Columbus landed in a carribbean island with people name

Tainos

-Columbus and Europeans had no respect for Native Americans

-Influences of Native American cultures on Europeans and the world.

oFood and Farming potatoes, beans, corn, tomatoes, squash, peanuts, pineapple, and blueberries.

Language moose, raccoon, poncho, moccasin, hobaggan, hammocks, Alabama, Texas, Mississippi, and parkas.

o

oTechnology Learned how to use metal from Europeans. Taught hunting skills and planting techniques. In the north they showed Europeans how to use snowshoes and trap fur bearing animals.

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