Cloning of mammals

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Cloning of Mammals

Most people panic when they hear the words "human cloning". Crazy thoughts run through their heads, imaginations run wild. They think of people exactly the same, and no one person would be different. Cloning to some people is even considered "evil." Most religious people believe that is "Playing God", however, is not a magical way of creating life. It is a scientific procedure that will save many lives, cure diseases and let infertile couple have biological children of their own.

The definition of a clone, an organism, or group of organisms, derived from another organism by an asexual reproductive process (Church of Scotland, 0). With other techniques scientists can isolate sections of DNA representing single genes, determine their nucleotide sequences, and reproduce them in the laboratory. This offers the possibility of creating entirely new genes with commercially or medically desirable properties. I think cloning of mammals is a good thing, because It can help many people that need transplants and there is no one to help them, then they can use cloning of mammals.

It is a scientific procedure that will save many lives, cure diseases and let infertile couple have biological children of their own. The benefits of human cloning are many. One of the most vital problems that are happening in the world today is finding organ donors that have compatible organs with the person that needs them. Using cloning technology, you can clone a persons organs, grow them, and then use them for a transplant. The organ is guaranteed 100% compatible with the patient. This procedure could save millions upon millions of lives. I can not understand how anyone could say that we have " A moral obligation to ban cloning" when it could save millions of peoples lives.

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While it may take time for cloning to be fully accepted, therapeutic cloning will likely be the first step in that direction. Therapeutic cloning is the process by which a persons DNA is used to grow an embryonic clone. However, instead of inserting this embryo into a surrogate mother, its cells are used to grow stem cells. These stem cells can be used as a human repair kit. They can grow replacement organs, such as hearts, livers and skin. They can also be used to grow neurons to cure those who suffer from Alzheimers, Parkinsons or Rett Syndrome.

Heres how therapeutic cloning works

DNA is extracted from a sick person.

The DNA is then inserted into an enucleated donor egg.

The egg then divides like a typical fertilized egg and forms an embryo.

Stem cells are removed from the embryo.

Any kind of tissue or organ can be grown from these stem cells to treat the sick.

If human cloning proceeds, scientists plan to use somatic cell nuclear transfer, which is the same procedure that was used to create Dolly the sheep. In a real life Scenario, in 16, a marvel of modern science occurred in Midlothian, Scotland. Dr. Ian Wilmut did what most scientists believed impossible. He created Dolly, the first mammal to be cloned from an adult. The actual birth of Dolly did not occur until February of 17, and when the announcement came there was widespread controversy all over the world. Not wanting to be outdone, the United States countered the creation of Dolly with one of their own. They inserted a gene from a jellyfish into the DNA structure of a monkey, effectively turning the monkeys fingernails red. While this doesnt seem like too big of an accomplishment, primates are the closest genetic relatives to human beings. After these acts were announced, the public became worried.

Somatic cell nuclear transfer begins when doctors take the egg from a donor and remove the nucleus of the egg, creating an enucleated egg. A cell, which contains DNA, is then taken from the person who is being cloned. The enucleated egg is then fused together with the cloning subjects cell using electricity. This creates an embryo, which is implanted into a surrogate mother through in vitro fertilization. If the procedure is successful, then the surrogate mother will give birth to a baby that is a clone of the cloning subject at the end of a normal gestation period. Of course, the success rate is only about one or two out of 100 embryos. It took 77 attempts to create Dolly.

Another use for human cloning could be to bring deceased relatives back to life. Imagine using a piece of your great-grandmothers DNA to create a clone of her. In a sense, you could be the parent of your great-grandmother. This opens the door to many ethical problems, but its a door that could soon be opened. One American couple, who has had difficulty dealing with the death of their infant daughter, is paying $500,000 to clone their daughter using preserved skin cells.

The process of cloning can loosely be compared to making a copy take the genetic makeup from one creature and create another creature with the exact same makeup. What most people are unaware of is the capacity for changing the original creature and making its clone better. Genetic splicing has been around for quite sometime now, and it seems to be an accepted method of cutting out unwanted genes from a DNA strand.

Cloning could take this idea one step further and create people that are immune to disease. There would never be another bubonic plague or AIDS epidemic again. As with all technology, it is the spirit in which it is used that determines whether it is good or evil. The atomic bomb is regarded as an evil creation by millions of people, and yet it may have saved millions more lives than it has taken.

Some say that to clone a human being would be playing God. It is hard to think of an instance throughout history where someone has not done the very same thing, if in a different way. When you step on an ant, you take Gods job out of his hands and put it in your own. When you eat a steak, or some celery, the farmer was playing God, with the lives of these organisms. People do these things everyday without a second thought, and yet they are quick to condemn a scientist who is trying to make the world a better place to live. If making the world a better place is playing God, its about time that some more people step up to bat and take a swing.

There is also the chance that a cure for cancer, or at least an understanding of cancer may be found using cloning techniques. Here you will be able to see how cancerous cells "mutiny" against the normal cells in that area. The way that cells switch themselves on and off can be found, which may be a cure. The biology of the cancer cells differentiating may also be found, which will all be useful in cutting down the number of deaths to cancer each year which can only be to our advantage

Taking cloning as a whole there is also the advantage that if cloning is allowed, there is the chance that rare species may be cloned so there may never be an extinct animal again. Although bringing back animals that are already extinct may have detrimental effects (e.g. Jurassic Park), there must be a case for keeping all animals that currently roam the earth.

In Rifkins essay, he finds everything bad about cloning, but if he had a family member that had some disease that couldnt be cured, he would of found some good things about cloning. Cloning can help many diseases that there are no medications that can help cure them. Cloning of human beings should be allowed in the United States. This procedure has the potential to herald a new age of technological and biomedical advantages the likes of which the human race may never see again.

I used a lot of information that was very useful to me from cites

www.hamilton.edu/academic/Resources/WC/Effective.html

www.digitalessays.com

www.humancloning.org/barry.html

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